Local electricity mains frequency determines prevalence of some cancers, a comprehensive explanation, by Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants. Published April 25th 2018.   E-mail  manager@bsec-wales.co.uk

Main site http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk

Abstract 

Two types of mobile phone emission have recently been shown to promote different types of cancer. They differ not only in fundamental frequency but also in modulation scheme and frequencies.  An enquiry is thus made if different frequencies of ELF in addition to RF as the same principles of quantum biological interaction via IPR  and soliton modes are expected to apply.   The most common ELF to which people are exposed is electricity supply. 50 Hz electricity mains supply a family of harmonics which are likely to stimulate mainly voltage gated sodium channels  and hence enhance activity in channels of the general form NaV 1.x    and also in TRPM 7 magnesium channel whereas 60 Hz and its harmonic family ought to enhance mainly activity in potassium  channels but also to a lesser extent in chloride channels..  All of these frequencies impinge on or are within 1% or so of Gessink and Meijners ‘red’ cancer causing frequencies.   Some common cancers with known yet often controversial associations with electrical fields and RFR are breast cancer and hemopoietic cancers.   Breast cancer is associated mainly with overexpressed sodium channels.    Hemopoietic cancers are associated with altered and overexpressed potassium channels.        Therefore there ought to be found  a mains frequency disproportionation in the numbers of these cancers by geographic distribution.   Moreover, this disproportionation will have caused review papers to underestimate and draw false conclusions on the association between cancer and ELF fields.     Both a literature survey and geographic mapping analysis is shown to confirm the present hypothesis.  It has been stated that the NTP report linking radiofrequency radiation to two types of cancer marks a paradigm shift in our understanding of radiation and cancer risk.  This finding linking different types of cancer to background electricity mains frequencies takes that understanding to the next level.   Both findings are facets of the new and fascinating link between cancer, voltage gated ion channels and cellular soliton modes first proposed by Frolich.   It is high time the establishment went back to school and took on board quantum biology.    Only then will we see drug free cancer intervention and a potential revolution in which we treat molecular and sub-molecular disease in its entirety. 

 

Introduction

A recent ( 2018) US Department of Health (NTP)  program spent two years exposing rats and mice to varying levels of radiation emitted by two wireless protocols commonly used in cell phones, GSM and CDMA, at frequencies of either 900 megahertz or 1900 megahertz.

 

The NTP study tested Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) modulated exposures (AT&T and T-Mobile use GSM frequencies), concluding GSM bioeffects on male rats were seen in the prostate gland and in pancreatic islets, and granular cell tumors of the brain.

 

Such effects were NOT observed in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)–modulated -exposed rats (Sprint, Verizon, and US Cellular use CDMA frequencies).

 

Conversely, liver effects were noted only in CDMA-exposed male rats.

 

Findings At 900 MHz: AT&T and T-Mobile use GSM frequencies were:

 

Some evidence linking RFR with malignant schwannoma in the hearts of male rats, no evidence for same in female rats. Equivocal evidence linking exposure to malignant brain glioma in females. Other tumors of various types in both sexes “may have been related to cell phone RFR exposure,”. Less serious “nonneoplastic lesions” were more frequent in exposed males and females.

 

Findings At 1900 MHz: Sprint, Verizon, and US Cellular use CDMA frequencies

 

    Equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity in lung, liver and other organ tissues in both male and female mice.

 

Otis Brawley, the chief medical officer of the American Cancer Society said, “The NTP report linking radiofrequency radiation to two types of cancer marks a paradigm shift in our understanding of radiation and cancer risk,”

 

The NTP researchers used 3,000 male and female rats and mice as subjects in radiation chambers and observed them for two years. The only frequencies used were 2G GSM and 3G CDMA.  Some of these mice were only exposed to 900 MHz of GSM radiation while others were in chambers that emitted 1900MHz CDMA (each frequency being its own experiment).

 

The 2 year NTP study established a relationship between these different exposure responses to GSM technology used by AT&T and T-Mobile or CDMA technology used by Sprint, Verizon, and US Cellular.  The NTP study supports evidence that the frequency of radiation exposure is as important as the intensity of RF exposure in differentiating potential health risk from one frequency of RF exposure over another.

 

 

Plasma membrane (PM) ion channels contribute to virtually all basic cellular processes and are also involved in the malignant phenotype of cancer cells.  Ion channels in cancer are  in the context of their involvement in the defined hallmarks of cancer: 1) self-sufficiency in growth signals, 2) insensitivity to antigrowth signals, 3) evasion of programmed cell death (apoptosis), 4) limitless replicative potential, 5) sustained angiogenesis and 6) tissue invasion and metastasis. Recent studies have indicated that the contribution of specific ion channels to these hallmarks varies for different types of cancer. Therefore, to determine the importance of ion channels as targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment their expression, function and regulation must be assessed for each cancer, see for example Prevarskaya et al (2010).     Drug blocking of ion channels as a cancer treatment modality has been developed for some cancers but can have dangerous side effects such as heart arrhythmias or CNS and/or muscle effects.      

 

These two types of mobile phone emission referred to above differ not only in fundamental frequency but also in modulation scheme and frequencies.     The present author has developed a brand new hypothesis linking Ion Channel Parametric Resonance and coherent soliton modes in biology (ref).  The latter was first discussed by Frolich ( ref) and more recently by Geesink  and Meijner ( refs). 

 

The theory is highly successful in explaining the above observation for rat cancers in the near field  and for human cancers at specific distances from transmitting antennas as defined by a new quantum mechanical relationship   (refs).

 

This present paper deals with extending the theory to test if it can confirm a suspicion that the author has held for a while.  Namely that the prevalence of certain different cancers should depend on the frequency of the alternating current electrical mains in their country of occurrence.  Also, the paper examines if there is existing evidence for this in the literature that has somehow been overlooked and if evidence can be found by geographical mapping or GIS type investigation. 

 

Theoretical Proposal

There are several different electrical power outlet standards in use throughout the world but basically only two power frequencies, namely 50Hz and 60 Hz.   These days power frequencies are very rich in harmonics due in part to so many solid state control and renewable energy systems and industrial loads connected thereto.   5TH and  7th    harmonics can be prevalent in some power systems, see      for example  http://www.ecmweb.com/design/harmonics-industrial-power-systems.   These equate to 250 and 350 Hz for a 50 Hz power system and 300 and 420 Hz for a 60 Hz power system. 

 

 

According to the author’s previous hypothesis 50 Hz ought via IPR  to enhance mainly activity in voltage gated sodium channels of the general form NaV 1.x    and also in TRPM 7 magnesium channel whereas 60 Hz ought to enhance mainly activity in potassium  channels but also to a lesser extent in chloride channels..   Geesink and Meijner ( ref) have also commented on frequency as being either pro or anti-cancer as it impinges on their soliton ‘acoustic condensate’   modes.     All of these frequencies impinge on or are within 1% or so of Gessink and Meijners ‘red’ cancer causing frequencies.  

 

Some common cancers with known yet often controversial associations with electrical fields and RFR are breast cancer and hemopoietic cancers.   Breast cancer is associated mainly with overexpressed sodium channels  (ref).    Hemopoietic cancers are associated with altered and overexpressed potassium channels.       

 

Following the above my hypothesis is straight forward.   I would expect to find an excess of breast cancer in association with 50 Hz mains frequency and an excess of hemopoietic cancers in association with 60 Hz mains frequency.   

 

Due to these frequencies induced discrepancies one would expect to find considerable disagreement in the scientific literature on epidemiological studies on the two cancers simply because geographic variation in the frequency element has never before being taken into account.  

 

For example, and following the above hypothesis, one would also expect to find if one quantified one’s search according to frequency papers which showed a positive association with breast cancer at 50 Hz when 50 Hz is added as a search criterion and papers which concluded a negative association at 60 Hz when added as a search criterion. 

 

Examples are as follows:  50 Hz  J Kliukiene et al (2004)  ‘The findings suggest an association between exposure to magnetic fields and breast cancer in women.’

   50Hz field on rats: After autopsy, the incidence of macroscopically visible mammary tumors was 62% in controls, but 83% in MF-exposed rats, with the 35% difference between groups being statistically significant. Data substantiate that long-term exposure of DMBA-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats in an alternating MF of low flux density promotes the development and growth of mammary tumors, thus indicating that MF exposure exerts tumor-promoting and/or copromoting effects. Furthermore, the data show that the effects of MF exposure in the DMBA breast cancer model are reproducible if the same experiment is repeated in the same laboratory, see Mevissen et al (1998).

 

Mixed frequency studies  The paramount methodological problem inhibiting valid conclusions about an association between EMF and breast cancer is the probable misclassification of exposure and the possible misclassification of the disease itself.’   Erren 2001.

 

60 Hz study  These data do not support the hypothesis that exposure to residential magnetic fields is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer.’ See  Davis et al 2002.

 

It can be seen that the evidence in the scientific literature is exactly as proposed for breast cancer. 

 

For haemopoietic cancers, the risk should be opposite i.e. greater at 60 Hz.  Th literature is checked accordingly as follows:

 

60 Hz study       Our results support the hypothesis that electric fields act as a promoting agent in the etiology of adult leukemia. Exposure assessment based on alternate indices of electric and magnetic fields should be incorporated into future occupational studies of cancer. Am. J. Ind. Med. 37:607–617, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc’

 

50 Hz  .These analyses support the idea that the public health impact of residential fields is likely to be limited, but both no impact and a substantial impact remain possibilities in light of the available data.’ In other words ‘uncertainty’ see Greenland and Kiefetts (2006).

 

Mixed 50 and 60 Hz:   Leukemia incidence in children has increased worldwide in recent decades, particularly due to the rise in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Studies have associated exposure to non-ionizing radiation generated by low frequency magnetic fields with childhood leukemia. The current article reviews the case-control studies published on this subject. Of 152 articles tracked in different databases, ten studies from North America, Asia, and Europe met the defined selection criteria, with patients diagnosed from 1960 to 2004. Methodological limitations were observed in these articles, including difficulties with the procedures for assessing exposure. An association may exist between exposure to low frequency magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, but this association is weak, preventing the observation of consistency in the findings. Future studies from a wider range of geographic regions should focus on the analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which is the subtype with the greatest impact on the increasing overall incidence of childhood leukemia’ see Pelissari et al (2009). 

 

It can be seen from the above that the only study with any certainty was the purely 60 Hz study as predicted by the present hypothesis. 

 

Another haemopoietic cancer which has been associated with magnetic fields is NHL.

60 Hz study: ‘ data suggest that exposures above electric field threshold intensities of 10 and 40 V/m are important predictors of NHL. Consequently, the findings support the hypothesis that electric fields may play a promoting part in the aetiology of this cancer. Further occupational studies that include assessment of exposure to electric fields and measures of field strength above similar threshold cut off points are needed to confirm these findings.’ See  PJ Villeneuve et al  (2000).  

 

50 Hz mouse study :  ‘Hence we conclude that the lymphoma-prone mice did not reveal any tumorigenic effect of long-term exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields.’ See Harris et al (1998).

 

Inhibition of proliferation of human lymphoma cells U937 by a 50 Hz electromagnetic field. Here Fr from being dangerous a 50 Hz field actually inhibited lymphoma cells!  See Gluck et al (2001).  

 

Once again, the hypothesis is entirely vindicated.  

 

With the hypothesis strongly supported from what is in the scientific literature  I next turn to experimental aspects.

 

Experimental 

The ‘experimental’ method here is simply to use existing public domain mapping analysis to compare the world geographic distribution of electricity mains frequency and each of the described cancers in turn.   

 

  The world electricity map is taken from  http://www.otae.com/enchufes/mapamon.htm. 

 

The world breast cancer map is taken from https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/five-maps-that-put-cancers-global-spread-into-focus/article16679285/

 

Results

   

The comparison for breast cancer incidence is shown below:

The contrast seen in the mapping is absolutely striking.   Breast cancer rates are on average 20-30% greater in parts of the world that employ 50 Hz electricity to those which employ 60 Hz.  

 

 

Below Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma Incidence.

 

 

 

The contrast seen in the mapping is absolutely striking.   Hemopoietic cancers are more prevalent in regions with 60 Hz electricity mains as predicted.      

The correlation  most evident in the middle east (Saudi Arabia) and south America.   It must be remembered, however, that previous infection with the Epstein-Barr virus, the causative agent of mononucleosis, has been linked to many cases of Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphomas develop from B lymphocytes. Thus, any geographic analysis will be far more complicated.  

 

Conclusions

The author’s hypothesis has been fully supported by data mining existing pieces of the scientific literature and strongly supported by geographic mapping.  It has been stated that the NTP report linking radiofrequency radiation to two types of cancer marks a paradigm shift in our understanding of radiation and cancer risk.  This finding linking different types of cancer to background electricity mains frequencies takes that understanding to the next level.   Both findings are facets of the new and fascinating link between cancer, voltage gated ion channels and cellular soliton modes first proposed by Frolich.  

 

If frequency specific fields can promote cancer via their influence on aberrantly expressed ion channels we ought to be able to manipulate them to do the opposite.  There is some evidence for this in the literature, so called tumour treating frequencies ( refs) and tumour treating fields(ref).   The former uses AM modulated 27 MHz signals, the alter uses electrical currents at a few hundred KHz.  Both are reminiscent    of the 1930’s Rife machine which had a carrier frequency in the order of 3.2 MHz and multiple AM modulation frequencies.   A visit to websites such as cancer research UK will tell you they are all different things and some don’t work at all.

 

It is high time the establishment went back to school and took on board quantum biology.    Only then will we see drug free cancer intervention and a potential revolution in which we treat molecular and sub-molecular disease in its entirety.