Dr Barnes Homepage http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk
What is the Hum?
The characteristics of
the Hum are often associated with LFN
(Low frequency noise) and/or
infrasound. In all probably the Hum may NOT have a single world-wide cause
and most cases may simply be down to LFN
+ infrasound where the source(s) has/have
not been readily locatable.
The Hum is a term given to an unusual noise usually heard nocturnally and especially indoors by an estimate of between
2-11% of the World’s population.
Descriptions of the Hum vary considerably from a sensation of pressure,
pulsation or popping to that of a large bee tapped in a bottle. Common denominators seem to be its
quasi-periodicity, its estimated base frequency always below 100 Hz and its
pulse repetition rate between about .3 and 5 Hz. Even in locations where the Hum is heard,
rarely do two or more people seem to
hear the same noise. This is suggestive
of cochlear non-linearity being requisite in Hum Perception. In most of the experiments I have conducted the Hum seems to be maximised when there is
both infrasound and at least two narrowband LFN frequencies below about 300 Hz
present which satisfy the various
cochlear non-linear mixing equations 2f1 -f2
and 3 f1-f2 etc. to within a few Hz and especially
when there are mixes of continuous and pulsating amplitudes. An additional scenario is room resonance. If frequencies f1 and f2 correspond with room resonance modes a much stronger Hum
will be experienced. Plus
large rooms often have higher order axial
and tangential modes which fall close to
each other and this can accentuate flutter and pulsation as temperature and
pressure change.
In cases where Hums have not been traceable, this had led
some to suggest that maybe the Hum is a single Worldwide Phenomenon. I would suggest that more than likely,
however, the Hum is a collection of phenomena with some common denominators. Moreover, I would suggest that the Hum is
experienced when LFN and Infrasound from one or more than one source arrive
through multi-path propagation into
buildings. Brick buildings, especially
those made of brick with a high iron content appear to be piezo amplifiers of the Hum.
There are proportionately more reports of the Hum from brick
buildings. Thus, I would also
suggest that as a phenomenon the Hum is a mix of the Anthropogenic and
the Preternatural as the latter will alter its propagation. In my work on the Hum, I also show that a
few human beings, in addition to being
sensitive to LFN/Infrasound are also sensitive to changing low level magnetic
fields at similar frequencies. Thus,
the phenomenon in some special cases
being vastly reinforced if any of the frequencies in the said LFN or infrasound are numerically related as fundamentals,
harmonics or sub-harmonics or flicker of power systems source or sinks. Thus, in some cases, the Hum appears to be far more than just a simple noise and to
fully account for all hearer's perception of this enigmatic phenomenon complex
biological, geophysical, quantum electromagnetic and even space physics
processes may need to be invoked.
Clues as to the
origin of the Hum or its sources
may be gained from a study of the History of its prevalence.
The Hum as an enigmatic phenomenon, as gauged by press
reports, seems to have a history traceable to the early 1970’s in the UK and
to the early 1990’s in the USA.
Infrastructure which changed in both countries at about this time was
the inception and expansion of High-Pressure Gas Mains and delivery.
The Hum is now reported
as almost a World-wide phenomenon which, due to its growth, strongly
suggests it to be anthropogenic or infrastructure
related.
Although Gas Mains probably contribute some components of the
Hum in some countries, especially the USA, one cannot escape the observation that when
the latest Geographic distribution of prominent World Hums is considered it
most closely correlates with the use of renewable energy systems, particularly
wind turbines and hydro-plants with
Francis Turbines and PME Earthing
systems. Wind turbine infrasound
is a strong modern contender for the excitation of secondary LFN effects both
in houses and throughout the electricity industry. More significantly some wind turbines as
with hydropower supply long distance narrowband seismic vibrations even when
the blades are not turning. Phase imbalanced electrical systems and vibrations from Electricity Sub-Stations may
also contribute to the Hum. To
re-iterate there are virtually no reported cases of the Hum from countries and
areas of the World which use TT electrical earthing systems.
Some of my work also
establishes an exciting link between Hum and climate/weather forecasting. This
relates to preternatural propagation mechanisms of the Hum outlined above.
See http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Forecast.html
GENERAL HUM INFORMATION WAS LAST UPDATE BY DR CHRIS
BARNES 03/07/2022
For a more advanced view of the Hum, my latest 2021 publication on the Hum is
found here: http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/super.htm
A further 58 publications on the Hum are to be found below:
Academic collaborators welcomed. I am also available as a 'Hum' investigator and expert witness.
International publications on the Hum:
Chris Barnes Letter to the Editor, The Hum: An anomalous sound around the world, Journal of Scientific Exploration, Vol. 21, No.4 , pp 754-755, 2007.
Internet publications on the Hum:
1. ‘The Hum in Britain a Geographic Study leading to a New Causal Hypothesis of both UHF/Microwave and low frequency Magnetic Involvement’, originally submitted to JSE February 2007, now an Internet Publication, C.Barnes. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMGEOG.htm
2. ‘Taos type HUMS complex electro-acoustic phenomena with many manifestations’ April 2007 and ‘Humans as electromagnetically enhanced Infrasound Detectors’ A collection of Scientific Works and Comments on the HUM’, Chris Barnes, June 2009, Chris Barnes Internet Publication http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUM.htm
3. ‘Active Prediction of Sites Prone to the HUM by Aharonov- Bohm Criterion’,CHRIS BARNES, Bangor Scientific Consultants, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, United Kingdom, find at http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMPRED.htm
4. ‘The Hum Questions and Answers’, a short Internet Publication, C.Barnes,June2009 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/TheHumQuestionsandAnswers.htm
5. ‘Anomalous case of hearing low frequency noise (The Hum) in a motor vehicle some short comments’, Dr C. Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants. scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk, find paper at http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMCAR.htm
6. ‘Presenting a new hypothesis for the mechanism of perception of the low frequency noise phenomenon known as the Hum, C. Barnes, http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMHYP.htm
7. ‘Walls have ears but could they have mouths as well? An alternative to the thermo-elastic model of microwave hearing allows for human hearing of a.m. and f.m. as well as pulse signals’ C. Barnes. Double glazed houses, hearing, harmonics and all night pubs and clubs a –coming; completing the jigsaw on a low frequency noise called ‘humming’’ C. Barnes, February 2011, find at http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMHOUSE.htm
8. HUM vertical component, C.Barnes, February 2011. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMVERT.htm
9. ‘Solving a case of the HUM’, C. Barnes, http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/BANGORhum.htm
10. Two Hums; one sufferer’s evidence, C. Barnes, http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/TwoHums.htm
11. ‘Some short comments on a particular case of the Hum and room resonance’ By Dr C. Barnes, February 2011, http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMROOM.htm
12. ‘Now you hear me, now you don’t; Dielectric resonance enhanced thermo-acoustic microwave hearing’ http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMDIELRES.htm
13. ‘Low Frequency Magnetic Studies of Hums in Wales, UK personal observations and first hand anecdotal experience dependence on time evolution of frequency spectrum in the range 0-250 Hz’. By Dr C. Barnes August 2011. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/WALMAG.htm
14. ‘Accounting for the Bangor Hum and can there be any useful generalisations made which would assist Hum studies Countrywide’. Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants, August 2011http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/DINORWIG.htm
15. Presenting a utility by utility acoustic spectral study employing a computer based spectrum analysis program with waterfall output, is the Bangor and surrounding area’s Hum all electric? http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/UTILITY.htm
16. ‘The Hum, the sound of silence – almost.’ By Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants. Scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Silence.htm
17. The Hum, a feature of infrastructure, a radical new explanation based on World power grid interactions as to why it was reported in the UK some twenty years before the US; derived from spectral analysis of ground currents, Bangor as an example. By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific Consultants. Email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/GROUNDCURRENT.html
18. ‘The Hum, a consequence of human influence on space weather deduced from personal experience and a link with geomagnetic parameters’ By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific Consultants http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/geomag.htm
19. ‘The Hum intensity in Bangor dependence on electrojet indices from personal observation’ http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/ELECTROJET.htm
20. Firming up on space weather connections and the magneto-acoustic phenomenon commonly referred to as the Hum, By Dr Chris Barnes, published Nov 29th 2011. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMIMF.html
21. Is the Hum due to an anthropogenic source? A five year day by day study, By Dr C. Barnes November 30th 2011 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMMONSUN.html
22. The Hum is a World –wide expanding problem more than just ‘over sensitive’ hearing. Can we explain the ‘oversensitive’ bit? By Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants. E-MAIL scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk Published December 2nd 2011 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMSENSE.htm
23. The Hum more than just a noise, by Dr C. Barnes, scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMSPECIALNOISE.htm
24. TCAMO revisited, not radio frequency radiation but why TACAMO aircraft could have been involved in some early cases of the Hum by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants, first published without reference list March 2012. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Humddr.htm
25. Estimating the acoustic power of World sources for the Hum by Dr C. Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants by Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific Consultants 24th March 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Humpower.htm
26. Three Hums, the last link in the chain, tying yours down! Firsthand experiences combined with anecdotal clues have lead to scientific measurement. Most modern Hums are type 3 i.e. electricity transmission network related. By Dr C. Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants. Email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMTYPE3.htm
27. The Hum type 3 a feature of the shifting scene of electricity generation and distribution, convincing the sceptics. By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific Consultants email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMNUKEGEN.htm
28. The Hum, Hummers and the earthquake connection, by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants, e-mail scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk June 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMEQ2.htm
29. Disclosing a three field study of the Bangor Hum and how a power grid can modulate local gravity? By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor June 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUM3FIELD.htm
30. Transistor Radio as an aid to the Hum type detection by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Consultants July 2012, http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Transistor.htm
31. What is the Hum and why is it so random and geo-sporadic? By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific Consultants www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMNATURE.htm August 2012
32. The cause of the Hum, very strong support is presented for a magneto-acoustic theory of both generation and perception by comparing anecdotal reports from subjects seeking relief in caves and mines. By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific and Educational Enterprises email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMCAVE.htm
33. The Cause and Perception of the Hum overwhelming support for a magnetic hypothesis by Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific and Educational Enterprises email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMMAGPROOF.htm
34. The Hum, TCAMO full circle, power systems and do we really need space physics interactions for all cases. By Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Enterprises 3 Email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk Web www.drchrisbarnes.co.ukReleased into public domain 18th August 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMLOCALLV.htm
35 The Bangor Hum Influence of Wind Speed and Direction on Subjectively Perceived Levels by Dr C. Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants November 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Humwind.htm
36. The Hum and Pollution by Dr Chris Barnes , Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, November 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/humpoll.htm
37. The Hum and Body Temperature by Dr Chris Barnes , Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, November 2012 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMTEMP.htm
38. The Hum and Hum like effects; a Unifying Magneto-Acoustic Theory with Fully explainable example Scenarios. By Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, December 12th 2012. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMUNIFY.htm
39. The Hum geographic proof of an almost World-wide phenomenon linked to renewable energy (power) systems, by Dr Chris Barnes – Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMGRIDNEW.htm First published without references on Internet on Sunday January 13th 2013.
40. The Hum models for generation of and perception of an LFN noise nuisance with intriguing properties, a facet of renewable energy systems and their connection with the power grid at both local and more distant points , by Dr Chris Barnes Manager at Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants E-mail scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk Published on-line Tuesday 15th January 2013 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMGRIDEFO.htm
41. A special case of LFN (Low frequency Noise) called the Hum: gas, electric and magnetic modern day living bits all with scientific proof and none of which can be denied, by Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific Consultants email scienceconsultants@yahoo.co.uk Released for first Internet Publication 19th January 2013 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMLITTLEGEM.htm
42. Smart Grids a new vehicle for rural and urban LFN nuisance or the Hum and its acoustic component, is there a simple way Smart Grids can maximise this? Released for Internet Publication 16th February 2013. Find paper at http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/SMARTHUM.htm
43. A case of the Hum being a tale of two sub-stations. First published online 29th April 2013 by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants. Find paper at http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/TWOSUBS.htm
44. Chimneys, toilets and turbines: do electrical power systems always have to be the cause of the Hum or can they just show us Symptoms? By Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Chimneys.htm
45. One facet of the Hum is Pumped Storage Hydropower, the Francis Turbine a common denominator connecting the UK and Italy, first published online 29th June 2013 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Italy.htm
46. The Hum now also a Chinese Phenomenon by Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Chinahum.htm
47. The Moon: Predictor of the Hum by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, e-mail doctor.barnes@univ.bangor.ac.uk November 2013 Released November 11th 2013 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/MOON2.html
48. The Hum and Monthly Temperature Anomaly in Wales by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, e-mail doctor.barnes@univ.bangor.ac.uk November 2013 http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/WXHUM.HTML
49. The Hum as a medium range weather forecaster in the guise of a forward predictor of local geographic temperature by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Forecast.html email doctor.barnes@univ.bangor.ac.uk
50.A
further short comment on the Hum, truly a multi-infrastructure problem, water
not off the hook! By Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants,
November 2013. By Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific Educational Consultants,
November 2013. e-mail doctor.barnes@univ.bangor.ac.ukhttp://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Waterhum.html
51. Wind farms with OAM, the major source,
amongst renewables, of the contemporary world LFN phenomenon known as the Hum? By
Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, e-mail
doctor.barnes@yahoo.co.uk. First published on Internet 06/05/2014. http://www.drchrisbarnes.co.uk/OAM.htm
52. A loudspeaker from the
Underworld, Local Active corrosion
protection: a possible feature in
Britain’s Low Frequency Noise (LFN) Phenomenon more commonly known as the Hum
by Dr Chris Barnes, Manager at Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, November 2015. E-mail manager@bsec-wales.c.uk http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/CP1.htm
53. Types of low voltage (LV)
electricity distribution and earth connection and how their evolution may have
critically influenced the prevalence of the disturbing low frequency noise
phenomenon (LFN) known as the Hum, or
Forty-five years on and do are we any closer to the real cause of the
Hum? by Dr Chris Barnes, Bangor
Scientific and Educational Consultants, Bangor, Wales, UK e-mail
manager@bsec-wales.co.uk http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/LV1.htm
November 2015
54. Completing the Jigsaw : How mains earthing
(grounding) systems and the latest brain and hearing research
yields up the final secret of the Hum as a whole electro-magneto-acoustic phenomenon rather than just simple LFN. By Dr Chris
Barnes, Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales,
LL57 2TW. E-mail manager@bsec-wales.co.uk
http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/JIG01.htm
November 2015
55. LFN Phenomena, including the Hum and increasing prevalence of Cancer: is
there or could there be a connection? By Dr Chris Barnes Manager at Bangor
Scientific and Educational Consultants, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, UK, LL 57 2TW. http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/HUMCA01.htm
E-mail
manager@bsec-wales.co.uk First
released into public domain 1st December 2015.
56. Bangor, Gwynedd a Humming Paradox OR ‘If
the LFN phenomenon the world over known as the Hum is associated with renewable
energy, especially wind power, why in Bangor does it appear to maximise when total UK wind
energy output troughs but does not cease?’ By Dr Chris Barnes, manager Bangor
Scientific and Educational Consultants e-mail manager@bsec-wales.co.uk First published without full reference
list February 2016. http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/INT01.htm
57. Picking up bad vibrations: Hydro-power and Wind power common seismic bed partners in the
newly explained phenomenon known as the Hum, by Dr Chris Barnes Bangor Scientific and Educational Consultants. E-mail manager@bsec-wales.co.uk First released into public Domain without full reference list in the interests
of advancement of science and human peace of mind : 25th November 2016 http://drchrisbarnes.co.uk/Picking
up bad vibrations.htm